Most Mac users enjoy several years of trouble-free experience, but eventually, time will come when hardware problems arise. Although it rarely happens, problems can be caused by a motherboard issue, a failing hard drive, a GPU problem, or lack of memory space. Fortunately, Apple has a way to detect, prevent, and solve any hardware-related issue. Apple Hardware Test is the first step. You can use it to check if there are serious hardware issues to deal with. Don’t worry, because you can run the test yourself. We will teach you how below.

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What Mac Models Can Run Apple’s Internet-Based Hardware Test?

Not all Mac models can run the Internet-based Apple hardware test. Some MacBook models need to use a local version of the hardware test, which has to be installed on the hard drive or saved on OS X DVD. Other Macs manufactured after 2013 can use the latest version of the Apple hardware test, which is called the Apple Diagnostics test. Here’s a guide on how to use Apple Diagnostics test. As for the only Mac models that can use the web-based version of the Apple hardware test are as follows:

• Reading apple.com like a lawyer, it sounded like they were using delicate language that only macs shipping with lion or mountain lion would have HDD based apple hardware test.
• WankerWeasel writes 'With the release of Mac OS X 10.7 Lion this month, Apple will no longer offer a bootable installer DVD and is making 10.7 Lion available only through the App Store. This guide provides quick instructions on how to use the OS X 10.7 Lion installer to create a bootable flash driv.

Apr 21, 2017 Some Macintosh computers that shipped with OS X Lion and later support the use of Apple Hardware Test over the Internet. These computers will start up to an Internet-based version of AHT if the hard drive does not contain AHT. An Internet-enabled connection via Ethernet or Wi-Fi is required to use this feature. Apple Hardware Test (AHT) Description. Apple computers ship with a pre-installed suite of hardware diagnostic tools, known as Apple Hardware Test (AHT). In principle you can start them by holding the d key while booting. Newer models support holding option d to load AHT over the internet. Your having problems with your mac? I'll help you outSince the update of OSX lion we have lost the ability to run the apple hardware test (AHT) in thi.

• 11-inch MacBook Air 3 (late 2010 through 2012)
• 13-inch MacBook Air 3 (late 2010 through 2012)
• 13-inch MacBook Pro 8 (early 2011 through 2012)
• 15-inch MacBook Pro 6 (mid-2010 through 2012)
• 17-inch MacBook Pro 6 (mid-2010 through 2012)
• MacBook 7 (mid-2010)
• Mac Mini 4 (mid-2010 through 2012)
• 21.5-inch iMac 11 (mid-2010 through 2012)
• 27-inch iMac 11 (mid-2010 through 2012)

It is important to note that the mid-2010 through early 2011 Mac models may require to update the EFI firmware before you can run the web-based Apple Hardware Test. If you are uncertain if you need to update the EFI firmware or not, you can do the following:

• Go to Apple menu and click About This Mac.
• A new window will open. Click the More Info button.
• If your Mac is running in OS X Lion or the later version, select System Report. Otherwise, proceed to step 4.
• Another window will open. Highlight Hardware in the left portion of the screen.
• On the opposite corner of the screen, take note of the boot ROM version number of your Mac and the SMC version number.
• Once you have these details, go to the EFI and SMC Firmware Update page on Apple’s website. Compare the versions you have with the latest available. If your Mac is running on an older version, you need to download the most recent version on the same web page.

How to Use the Internet-Based Apple Hardware Test

As soon as you have verified and confirmed that your Mac is capable of running the Internet-based Apple Hardware Test, you can start using it. Here’s how:

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• Turn off your Mac first.
• If you are running a MacBook, connect it to an AC power source. Do not run the test with only your MacBook’s battery as the power source.
• Press the Power button while holding down the Option and D keys. Continue until the Starting Internet Recovery message pops up on your display.
• Wait for a few seconds. You will soon be prompted to select a network. Use the drop-down menu to choose from the list of available network connections.
• Select a wireless network and enter the password if asked. Press Return or Enter. You can also click the checkmark button on your display.
• As soon as you are connected to your chosen network, you will see a message on your screen that says, Starting Internet Recovery. This will take a while because the Apple Hardware Test will be downloaded to your Mac. Once it is completed, you will be prompted to select a language.
• To select a language to use, use the Up and Down arrow keys or the mouse cursor.
• The Apple Hardware Test will then continue to check what hardware is installed on your Mac. Again, this will take time.
• Before you proceed with the actual test, it’d be better if you verify first what hardware was found so you can ensure that all your Mac’s components are correct and accounted for. Check if the exact amount of memory is displayed, along with the graphics and CPU specs. If you suspect that something is wrong, verify your Mac’s configuration by going to Apple’s support site. If the displayed config does not match with what your Mac model’s configuration should be, your device might be failing. To verify your Mac’s hardware specs, navigate to the Hardware Profile tab.
• If all configuration details are correct, proceed with the testing by going to the Hardware Test tab.
• Note that the Apple Hardware Test can support two different types of testing; a standard test and an extended test. While the standard test is generally a good option, the extended test is highly recommended, especially if there is an issue with your Mac’s graphics card or RAM.
• To run the standard test, select the Standard Test option and click the Test button. At this point, the hardware test should start. It will take several minutes to complete, so just be patient. Do not worry if you hear your Mac’s fans rev up and down. That’s normal during the hardware testing process.
• Once the test is done, a list of potential issues or a No trouble found message will be displayed in the test results pane. If there is an error, check what it is about. We listed some of the most common error codes below alongside their meanings:
  • 4AIR – AirPort wireless card
  • 4ETH – Ethernet
  • 4HDD – Hard disk (includes SSD)
  • 4IRP – Logic board
  • 4MEM – Memory module (RAM)
  • 4MHD – External disk
  • 4MLB – Logic board controller
  • 4MOT – Fans
  • 4PRC – Processor
  • 4SNS – Failed sensor
  • 4YDC – Video/Graphics card

These error codes generated by the Apple Hardware Test seem to be cryptic, and in some cases, only certified Apple service technicians can understand them. But because most of these codes are recurring, they’ve become known.

• If no problem was found, you could continue running the extended test. It can detect graphics and memory problems better than the standard test. To do the extended test, select the Perform Extended Testing option and click the Test button.
• If by any chance, you’d like to stop the test, just click the Stop Testing button.
• Once you are done using the Apple Hardware Test, end it by clicking the Shut Down or Restart button.

If no error was found after the test and your Mac is still experiencing problems, then you can check your system. It might be loaded with files you don’t need, or your RAM is taken up by unnecessary programs and apps. To fix the problem, download third-party tools like Mac repair app.

Hi, Low End Mac readers. My name is Robert Bryant, and I am a computer tech in Central California just south of San Jose. As a daily Mac Pro user, I wanted to provide the Low End Mac community with the necessary steps to take a base model 2006 Mac Pro 1,1 or 2007 2,1 (that can now be easily obtained for under $500) and show you how to make it as modern as any current Mac, while retaining all of the expansion that the older tower style Mac Pros provide.

Just like anyone else who frequents Low End Mac, I wanted to get more value out of my Apple hardware.

Before going further into detail, I would like to give special thanks to MacRumors forum user “Tiamo”. Tiamo is the original modifier of the “boot.efi” file (more on that later) that allows you to run modern versions of OS X on the Mac Pro 1,1 and 2,1 which would otherwise be limited to OS X Lion 10.7.5.

About the Project

Recently, I have been helping friends upgrade their Mac Pro 1,1 and 2,1 models with OS X 10.9.3 Mavericks (and more recently 10.9.4 and have also begun experimenting with 10.10 Yosemite with some success).

The whole idea of upgrading a Mac Pro 1,1 for me started out of a curiosity: I began researching how to use the nVidia 210 Silent video card (with no native Mac drivers) in my Mac Pro 1,1 and was disappointed after many dead-ends, finding no readily available answers, but I refused to give up.

Many who I chatted with and messaged during my search for answers claimed it just wasn’t possible to use the nVidia 210 in a Mac Pro 1,1 without running Chameleon or other hackintosh tools to get OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion or later installed (a necessity for using the nVidia 210 but not technically possible due to the 32-bit EFI issue), which I found disappointing to say the least. After all, this was a genuine Mac Pro and not a hackintosh build.

After a great deal of persistence, I was thrilled to eventually find a native upgrade path (again, many thanks to Tiamo at MacRumors) that is not that hard to accomplish. Follow the steps below and you too can enjoy the affordability and upgradeability that a Mac Pro 1,1 or 2,1 can provide.

Prep Work

What you need to get started:

• Obtain Mountain Lion (or later) installer: As you may have noticed, Apple’s App Store denies the installation of the unsupported versions of OS X because of a lack of hardware compatibility (this is typically pre-written into a bad machines list in the installer). Though all the Mac Pro hardware from the beginning has been fully 64-bit, early models that shipped between 2006 and early 2008 shipped solely with a 32-bit boot EFI and thus were artificially crippled when it came to full 64-bit operation. These models can’t run versions of OS X beyond Lion 10.7.5 without a modified boot efi.
• Another Mac capable of booting into Mountain Lion (or later) natively: This is essential to have during the installation process in order to read the modified bootable version of OS X for installing on the Mac Pro 1,1 or 2,1 hard drive (Mavericks used in this example)

Gathering the Necessary Files

Step 1: Obtain the OS X installer for Mountain Lion or Mavericks

This can’t be easily done on the Mac Pro you are modding (there are other methods, but you will need the other Mac in step 9 as well). To get around this problem, simply begin by downloading the installer on another Mac capable of running it natively. Regardless of what you do to accomplish this step, you will need a clean, unmodified installation package of Mountain Lion, or later before proceeding (we use Mavericks in this example).

Step 2: Download or install Xcode (from Apple or from a retail copy of Snow Leopard)

You will need access to the application called “Flat package editor”. This tool is part of a package called PackageMaker, which allows you to create custom installation packages. To navigate to it after installing XCode, simply go to the following path and launch the application:

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/Developer/Applications/Utilities

NOTE: Specific facts regarding the use of PackageMaker are readily available online and within the documentation provided as part of the XCode installation.

Step 3: Download Tiamo’s boot.efi from within his MacRumors thread

Step 4: Prepare OS X Installer

• Step 4a: Move the OS X installer downloaded during step 1 to a simple location (such as the desktop). Inside the OSX installer contents is a folder called “Packages”. Copy the OSInstall.mpkg to your desktop. Note: Make sure you copy the .mpkg, not the .pkg
• Step 4b: Open OSInstall.mpkg with Flat package editor and drag the “Distribution” file to your desktop.
• Step 4c: Navigate the contents of the installer to System/Library/CoreServices/PlatformSupport.plist and copy that plist to the desktop.

Actual Modding

Step 5: Add Board ID to Supported Machines

• Step 5a: Open “Distribution” in TextEdit and scroll until you see a list of supported machines Board ID’s. Add your machine’s board ID to this list. Save and close this file. EXAMPLE: For the Mac Pro 1,1 add board ID (F4208DC8) to the list
• Step 5b: Next open the PlatformSupport.plist in TextEdit and perform the same process outlined in step 5a. Save and close this file.

Step 6: Replace boot.efi with Tiamo’s version

• Step 6a: Navigate to System/Library/CoreServices/boot.efi and replace the file with Tiamo’s version.
• Step 6b: Navigate to usr/standalone/i386/boot.efi and replace with Tiamo’s version.

Notes

• As you can see, all of this editing is being done to the installer, not to your system
• Many forums have long winded workarounds and have you editing your system; however, these methods are extremely inefficient and are unnecessarily complex.
• The way I have you doing it will be the quickest and work the most often without hassles.

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Step 7: Move all items modified from the OS X installer back to their original locations.

Step 8: Create a Bootable Copy of the Modified OS X Installer

Create a Mavericks (or Mountain Lion/Yosemite) bootable USB drive using the modified installer we’ve just made. A good step-by-step account of this process for creating a Mavericks USB installer is outlined at techrepublic.com.

Note: There are other methods for accomplishing this and you could choose to make a bootable DVD if you wish using proven methods.

Step 9: Attach Bootable Media and Install

Insert the bootable OS X media into a computer already running at least the same version of the OS you just downloaded (Example: Mavericks 10.9.4) and then plug your Mac Pro’s hard drive into this computer externally (use Target Disk mode or put your Mac Pro hard drive in an external enclosure). Boot from the USB Flash Drive containing the modified OS installer created in step 8 above and select the 3.5” hard drive from your Mac Pro as the install destination.

Step 10: Wrap-Up

When the installer finishes, replace the 3.5” drive into your Mac Pro (if moved to an external enclosure) and boot normally. You will see a white screen with no apple logo for approx. 15 seconds, upon which the computer will go into verbose mode and you will see it dumping unused Kernel extensions.

Note:

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You’ll know that you have succeeded when you see “DSMOS IS HERE”. At that point, the Mac Pro will then boot it’s GUI.

Afterthoughts

For all intents and purposes, your upgrade is complete, although there are other things to keep in mind:

• The 64-bit EFI loader is not optimized to work with graphics cards smaller than 512 MB. The catch-22 here is that if you run a larger PC card, you will not see the verbose screen upon start up. The card will not initialize until OSX’s GUI loads, so your Mac Pro will not send signal to the monitor until fully booted. Conversely, if you stick with the Geforce 7300GT or one of the other earlier GPUs under 512 MB designed for variants of the Mac Pro, OS X will read it as a 5 MB or 7 MB graphics card instead of the 256 MB that it is. Ideally, you’ll want to have a Mac compatible card that is at least 512 MB during upgrades such as the Geforce 8800 GT.
• Also remember that if you upgrade to the Xeon 5365 chipset like I did in order to run two quad-core CPUs instead of two dual-core CPUs, the System Report will show those processors as “2x 3ghz Unknown”. To change this natively and have the machine recognize the chips rather than fooling it by editing plists, you must find the Mac Pro 2,1 firmware update for the Mac Pro 1,1; Apple used to offer it, but has since taken it down (perhaps buried in the archives somewhere). Upon hours of searching the only place I’ve found it was forum.netkas.org and in order to download, you have to become a member. If you are interested in having me be your IT Consultant, Graphic Designer, or need help with Social Media Management or SEO visit my website http://www.provenexposure.com you may also email me directly at theapplesurgeon@gmail.com.
• To my knowledge, these steps will work on any Mac out there as long as you know your Board ID. This should also work fine with Yosemite in all scenarios. The best part is that once you have the upgrade applied with the modified boot efi, you can then begin upgrading natively from the app store and just replace the boot.efi on the hardrive in the System/Library/CoreServices folder by plugging the HDD into another Mac or by using Target Disk Mode.
• If you have any other questions about the SMC Firmware upgrade or the 64bit EFI Bootloader process feel free to post in the Low End Mac Facebook group, and I will answer. You can also email me at the email above.
• If you are interested in having this operation done for you, and a “Ready-to-Boot” hard drive sent to you please contact me at the email above. Yosemite is also now 100% possible, and stable!

A Bit of Mac Pro Humor

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